ECOBESTHA

PENGARUH PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT DAN READINESS FOR CHANGE TERHADAP DIGITAL CULTURE UNTUK MENCAPAI WORKLIFE BALANCE APADA PEGAWAI NON SDM IPTEK BADAN RISET DAN INOVASI NASIONAL

Wiratmo Gumanti — 2023-09-07

Abstract: The era of technological disruption and changing trends in managing talent resources is evolving globally. In addition, major changes have occurred and have had an extraordinary impact, especially on human activities and the formation of new habits in the world of work, occurring during the current COVID-19 pandemic. In maintaining the existence of agencies in the midst of the digital era, digital culture necessitates competitive advantage for human resources and agencies. However, changes in digital culture experience obstacles in terms of readiness for change and HR management. The method used in this research is path analysis which is processed using Lisrel version 8.8. The sampling technique used the Slovin formula with a total sample of 316 people from non-HR employees of Science and Technology BRIN. The model fit test shows good results (good fit). The results of the study are as follows: (1) perceived organizational support (X1) on work life balance (Y1) has a positive relationship that the t-value is 2.02> 1.96, (2) positive relationship between perceived organizational support (X1) to digital culture (Y2) t-value 4.30 > 1.96, (3) readiness for change (X2) to work life balance (Y1) proven t-value is 0.87 <1.96, (4) relationship or negative and insignificant association between readiness for change (X2) and digital culture (Y2) -1.23 <1.96, (5) positive and significant relationship between digital culture (Y2) and work-life balance (Y1) 3.96 > 1 .96, (6) perceived organizational support (X1) on readiness for change (X2) has a negative and significant correlation -4.69 <-1.96, indirect effect of perceived organizational support through digital culture on work life balance 0.065 smaller direct effect 0.12, (8) indirect effect of readiness for change through digital culture re on work-life balance -0.0175 is smaller than the direct effect of readiness for change on work-life balance of 0.05. From these results, an Employee Centricity-Based HR Management Strategy with Digital Competence and Leadership was produced.

Keywords: Digital Culture, Perceived Organizational Support, Readiness for Change, Worklife Balance

Abstrak: Era disrupsi teknologi dan tren perubahan dalam mengelola talenta sumber daya berkembang secara global. Selain itu, perubahan besar terjadi dan berdampak luar biasa terutama pada aktivitas manusia serta pembentukan kebiasaan baru dalam dunia kerja terjadi di masa pandemi COVID-19 sekarang ini. Dalam menjaga eksistensi instansi ditengah era digital, budaya digital meniscayakan keunggulan kompetitif bagi SDM dan instansi. Namun, perubahan budaya digital mengalami kendala pada aspek kesiapan untuk berubah dan pengelolaan SDM. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah path analysis yang diolah menggunakan Lisrel versi 8.8. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan jumlah sampel 316 orang dari pegawai Non SDM IPTEK BRIN. Pada uji kecocokan model menunjukkan hasil baik (good fit). Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: (1) perceived organizational support (X1) terhadap worklife balance (Y1) memiliki hubungan yang positif bahwa t-value yaitu 2,02>1,96, (2) hubungan positif antara perceived organizational support (X1) terhadap digital culture (Y2) t-value 4,30 >1,96, (3) readiness for change (X2) terhadap worklife balance (Y1) dibuktikan t-value adalah 0,87 < 1,96, (4) hubungan atau asosiasi negatif dan tidak signifikan readiness for change (X2) terhadap digital culture (Y2) -1,23 < 1,96, (5) hubungan positif dan signifikan antara digital culture (Y2) terhadap worklife balance (Y1) 3,96 > 1,96, (6) perceived organizational support (X1) terhadap readiness for change (X2) memiliki korelasi yang negatif dan signifikan -4,69 < - 1, 96, (7) pengaruh tidak langsung dari perceived organizational support melalui digital culture terhadap worklife balance 0,065 lebih kecil pengaruh langsung 0,12, (8) pengaruh tidak langsung dari readiness for change melalui digital culture terhadap worklife balance - 0,0175 lebih kecil daripada pengaruh langsung antara readiness for change terhadap worklife balance sebesar 0,05. Dari hasil tersebut dihasilkan Strategi Pengelolaan SDM Berbasis Employee Centricity Dengan Kompetensi dan Kepemimpinan Digital

PENGARUH TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL SALES UNTUK MENGHASILKAN KINERJA PENJUALAN DAN PENURUNAN BIAYA PROMOSI

Rifqi Abdul Wahab Thalib — 2023-09-07

Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine the influence of Sales Interaction, Brand Equity, Digital Transformation, and Sales Performance on the Reduction of Promotional Costs directly and indirectly at PT. Lautan Natural Krimerindo. The research sample consisted of 122 employee respondents, and the focus group discussion (FGD) was attended by the top management of the company and the marketing team. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGDs). The data analysis technique used was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis processed with Smart PLS version 3 software. The results of the study indicate that the Sales Interaction variable has a significant effect on Sales Performance, the Brand Equity variable has a significant effect on Sales Performance, the Digital Transformation variable has a significant effect on Sales Performance, the Sales Interaction variable has a significant effect on the Reduction of Promotional Costs, the Brand Equity variable does not have a significant effect on the Reduction of Promotional Costs, the Digital Transformation variable has a significant effect on the Reduction of Promotional Costs, and the Sales Performance variable has a significant effect on the Reduction of Promotional Costs.

Keywords: Digital Transformation, Sales Performance, Promotional Costs, PT. LNK

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Interaksi Sales, Ekuitas Merek, Transformasi Digital dan Kinerja Penjualan terhadap Penurunan Biaya Promosi secara langsung maupun tidak langsung pada PT. Lautan Natural Krimerindo. Sampel penelitian 122 responden karyawan, untuk fokus grup diskusi (FGD) dihadiri oleh Top manajemen Perusahaan dan Tim marketing. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan fokus grup diskusi (FGD). Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) yang diolah dengan software Smart PLS versi 3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Interaksi Sales berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Penjualan, variabel Ekuitas Merek berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Penjualan, variabel Transformasi Digital berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Penjualan, variabel Interaksi Sales berpengaruh terhadap Penurunan Biaya Promosi, variabel Ekuitas Merek tidak berpengaruh terhadap Penurunan Biaya Promosi, variabel Transformasi Digital berpengaruh terhadap Penurunan Biaya Promosi dan variabel Kinerja Penjualan berpengaruh terhadap Penurunan Biaya Promosi

Kata kunci: Transformasi Digital, Kinerja Penjualan, Biaya Promosi, PT. LNK

PREFERENSI GENERASI MILENIAL DALAM FINANCIAL, MONEY ETHICS DAN FINTECH SERTA DAMPAKNYA PADA FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR MELALUI FINANCIAL LITERACY (Study Kasus Pada Bumd Air Minum Wilayah Kota Depok)

Mya Musyarofa Wati — 2023-09-07

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of financial attitude, time preference, money ethic, and financial technology (fintech) on financial literacy, as well as the influence of financial literacy on financial management behavior among millennial generation employees at PT. Tirta Asasta Depok. The method used is path analysis using the data processing tool Smart PLS 4. The sample consists of 208 millennial employees at PT. Tirta Asasta Depok.The results of the study indicate that all research variables have a significant impact on the financial management behavior of millennial employees at PT. Tirta Asasta Depok. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the financial preferences and fintech adoption of millennial employees at PT. Tirta Asasta Depok are categorized as good, but still require training and improvement in financial literacy.

Keywords: Financial Attitude, Financial Literacy, Financial Technology, Financial Management Behavior, Money Ethic, Time Preference

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sikap keuangan (financial attitude), preferensi waktu (time preference), etika uang (money ethic), dan teknologi keuangan (fintech) terhadap literasi keuangan (financial literacy), serta pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap perilaku pengelolaan keuangan (financial management behavior) generasi milenial di PT. Tirta Asasta Depok. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur (path analysis) dengan menggunakan alat pengolahan data Smart PLS 4. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 208 orang generasi milenial di PT. Tirta Asasta Depok.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua variable penelitian adalah signifikan terhadap perilaku pengelolaan keuangan (financial management behavior) generasi milenial di PT. Tirta Asasta Depok. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa preferensi generasi milenial terhadap keuangan dan fintech di PT. Tirta Asasta Depok termasuk dalam kategori baik, namun tetap memerlukan pelatihan dan peningkatan literasi keuangan.

Kata Kunci: Financial Attitude; Financial Literacy; Financial Technology; Financial Management Behavior; Money Ethic ; Time Preference

STRATEGI INOVASI DESIGN DAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN PADA PT. ALBORG MULTIGUNA INTERNUSA

Rully Yudiapriatno — 2023-09-07

Abstrack : The purpose of this study was to determine the design innovation and digital technology strategy to increase revenue at Alborg Multiguna Internusa Inc. This research uses quantitative and qualitative (mixed) research methods. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data collection using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis processed with Smart PLS 3.0 for quantitative analysis, while for qualitative analysis using SWOT, IFE & EFE and QSPM. The results of quantitative research prove that digital technology, organization capability, service quality, innovation each affect corporate performance. Meanwhile, adaptive leadership not really affect to the corporate performance . As for the results of strategy analysis research through the input strategy stage with IFE, EFE, &CPM matching stage with TOWS and decision stage with QSPM, the strategy used from the QSPM results are alternative strategy of strengthen organizational capabilities and expanding network with vendors.

Keywords: Digital Technology, Organization Capability, Service Quality, Adaptive Leadership, Innovation, Corporate Performance and Strategy

Abstrak : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi Inovasi design dan teknologi digital untuk meningkatkan pendapatan pada kinerja pada PT. Alborg Multiguna Internusa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif (campuran). Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) yang diolah dengan Smart PLS 3.0 untuk analisis kuantitatif, sedangkan untuk analisis kualitatif menggunakan SWOT, IFE & EFEdan QSPM. Hasil penelitian kuantitatif membuktikan bahwa teknologi digital, kapabilitas organisasi, kualitas pelayanan, berpengaruh terhadap terhadap kinerja perusahaan, sedangkan kepempimpinan adaptif tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Sedangkan inovasi juga berpengaruh terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Adapun hasil penelitian analisa strategi melalui tahapan strategi input stage dengan IFE & EFE matching stage dengan TOWS dan decision stage dengan QSPM maka strategi yang digunakan dari hasil QSPM adalah strategi alternatif memperkuat kapabilitas organisasi dan memperluas jaringan dengan vendor.

Kata Kunci : Teknologi Digital, Kapabilitas Organisasi, Kualitas Layanan, Kepemimpinan Adaptif, Inovasi, Kinerja Perusahaan, dan Strategi

PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN DIVISI PRODUKSI PLANT 611 PT. INDOCEMENT TUNGGAL PRAKARSA Tbk.

Gilang Satria Dermawan — 2023-09-07

Abstrak : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. secara parsial maupun simultan. Sampel yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 70 responden karyawan PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. Teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan analisis inferensial dengan regresi linear berganda serta memakai program Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) versi 26. Hasil penelitian dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa variabel Disiplin Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk.

Kata Kunci : Disiplin Kerja, Motivasi Kerja, Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan

Abstrack : The purpose of this study was to find out how the influence of Work Discipline and Work Motivation on Employee Productivity at PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. partially or simultaneously. The sample used in this study were 70 employees of PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. Data analysis technique used inferential analysis with multiple linear regression and using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 26. The results of this study prove that the variables of Work Discipline and Work Motivation have a positive and significant effect on Employee Productivity at PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk.

Keywords: Work Discipline, Work Motivation, Employee Work Productivity

THE INFLUENCE OF DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES AND TALENT MANAGEMENT ON PERFORMANCE OF POLICE MEMBERS IN THE SOUTH SUMATRA REGIONAL POLICE

Irwan Prawira Satyaputra — 2023-09-07

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh kapabilitas dinamis dan manajemen talenta terhadap kinerja anggota polisi di Polda Sumsel. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dynamic capability theory, resource-based view theory, dan equity theory. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh anggota Polri di lingkungan Polda Sumsel khususnya pimpinan sektor, resor, resor kota besar, dan Polda Sumsel dengan Pangkat Komisaris Besar, AKBP, Komisaris Polisi. dan Ajun Komisaris Polisi dengan total 411 orang. Jumlah sampel yang diperoleh dari rumus slovin adalah 203 orang dan akan diambil dengan menggunakan stratified proportional random sampling. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah Data Primer. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari responden yaitu individu dengan menyebarkan kuesioner 5 skala dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji instrumen berupa uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji asumsi klasik dan analisis linier berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 25. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi bagi para pengambil keputusan di institusi kepolisian untuk meningkatkan kinerja aparat kepolisian.

Kata Kunci: Kapabilitas Dinamis, Manajemen Talenta, Kinerja, Anggota Polisi

Abstract: This study aims to analyze and empirically prove the effect of dynamic capabilities and talent management on the performance of police officers in the South Sumatra Regional Police. The theories used in this study are dynamic capability theory, resource-based view theory, and equity theory. The population in this study was all members of the National Police in the South Sumatra Regional Police, especially leaders of sectors, resorts, and big city resorts, and the South Sumatra Regional Police with the ranks of Senior Commissioner, Adjunct Police Chief Commissioner, Police Commissioner, and Adjunct Police Commissioner, for a total of 411 people. The number of samples obtained from the Slovin formula was 203 and will be taken using stratified proportional random sampling. The type of data used is primary data. Primary data sources are obtained from respondents, namely individuals, by distributing a 5-scale questionnaire using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used is an instrument test in the form of validity and reliability tests. Furthermore, the classical assumption test and multiple linear analysis were carried out using SPSS version 25. This research is expected to provide information for decision-makers at the police institution to increase the performance of police officers.

Keywords: Dynamic Capabilities, Talent Management, Performance, Police Officer

THE ANALYSIS OF SUBSIDY IMPLEMENTATION POLICY OF PIONEER AIR TRANSPORT IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN PAPUA PROVINCE

Arif Priyo Utomo — 2023-09-07

Abstrak: Transportasi merupakan urat nadi perekonomian suatu wilayah. Bagi mereka yang jauh dan mendunia, transportasi udara merupakan sarana penting untuk melayaninya karena kemampuannya yang unik dalam menyediakan layanan transportasi yang cepat. Transportasi menciptakan nilai sosial dengan memungkinkan pengguna untuk mengatasi friksi terkait jarak, geografi, dan biaya. Secara umum, biaya perjalanan dipengaruhi oleh dua komponen, yaitu: (i) komponen Geografis, yang menggambarkan keterpencilan atau sentralitas suatu lokasi; dan (ii) Kualitas jaringan transportasi, yang mengurangi gesekan geografis yang disebabkan oleh lokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis gambaran kebijakan subsidi, capaian, dan kekurangan dalam implementasi kebijakan, serta merekomendasikan perubahan dalam implementasi kebijakan subsidi angkutan udara perintis di Provinsi Papua. Tulisan ini menggunakan 12 variabel penelitian untuk membuat rekomendasi perubahan implementasi kebijakan subsidi angkutan udara di Provinsi Papua. Variabel tersebut meliputi aksesibilitas, perkembangan ekonomi wilayah, disparitas harga, konektivitas, kesejahteraan masyarakat, minat beli masyarakat, penerimaan pajak, kontinuitas pasokan, jumlah barang kebutuhan pokok, harga barang kebutuhan pokok, pendapatan daerah, dan subsidi penerbangan. Data diolah dengan analisis deskriptif, Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA), analisis NVIVO, dan pemodelan dinamika sistem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (i). Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif diketahui bahwa telah terjadi peningkatan produktivitas dan volume penumpang angkutan udara dan kargo berdasarkan tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Terdapat 3 (tiga) bandara dengan produktivitas tertinggi dari segi jumlah kedatangan dan keberangkatan pesawat, yaitu Bandara Sentani Jayapura, Bandara Wamena, dan Bandara Mozes Kilangin. Persentase nilai realisasi keuangan dibandingkan dengan nilai kontrak subsidi angkutan udara perintis di Provinsi Papua cenderung meningkat dari tahun 2017 ke tahun 2021. Artinya, kinerja keuangan daerah koordinasi bandar udara di Provinsi Papua dalam pelaksanaan subsidi angkutan udara perintis cenderung meningkat; (ii). Berdasarkan analisis kualitatif NVivo, terdapat lebih banyak kendala daripada capaian yang disebutkan oleh informan yang terlibat. Hambatan dalam proses pelaksanaan kebijakan program subsidi di Provinsi Papua mulai dari aspek keterbatasan anggaran, kekurangan armada dan operator percontohan, sarana dan prasarana, dan sumber daya manusia, hingga masalah keamanan wilayah. Simulasi terhadap model kebijakan yang ada untuk pemberian subsidi menunjukkan hubungan sebab akibat seperti yang ada dalam sistem yang sebenarnya. Subsidi yang ada saat ini berdampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan aksesibilitas (menuju daerah perintisan) di Provinsi Papua. Pendapatan daerah akan lebih baik dengan kebijakan subsidi saat ini. Analisis kualitatif NVivo menunjukkan gambaran implementasi kebijakan subsidi transportasi perintis di Provinsi Papua, dimana terjadi fenomena excess demand penerbangan yang mempengaruhi frekuensi dan komposisi anggaran subsidi yang telah ditetapkan; dan (iii). Berdasarkan analisis model kebijakan subsidi dengan sistem dinamis, diketahui bahwa skenario penambahan jumlah subsidi angkutan udara percontohan tidak signifikan terhadap perubahan aksesibilitas, kontinuitas pasokan, kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan pengurangan disparitas harga. Di sisi lain, jika ada skenario pengurangan subsidi, perubahan aksesibilitas, kontinuitas pasokan, kesejahteraan sosial, dan disparitas harga akan berkurang secara signifikan. Terdapat kesepakatan dari seluruh informan dalam penggunaan kebijakan Multiyears Budgeting untuk mendukung implementasi subsidi perintis di Provinsi Papua. Kebijakan ini dinilai berdampak pada kelangsungan layanan dan meningkatkan iklim bisnis maskapai perintis. Pencapaian implementasi kebijakan memerlukan peningkatan standardisasi, konsultasi publik, pemantauan efektivitas kebijakan, dan pengukuran efektivitas kebijakan pada pemangku kepentingan terkait. Kurangnya implementasi kebijakan berupa keterbatasan anggaran, kekurangan armada dan operator penerbangan perintis, sarana dan prasarana, SDM, dan keamanan wilayah. Skenario penambahan subsidi tidak signifikan terhadap perubahan aksesibilitas, kontinuitas pasokan, kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan pengurangan disparitas harga, sebaliknya pengurangan subsidi signifikan atas perubahan tersebut. Tulisan ini menyarankan pemerintah untuk menerapkan Anggaran Multiyear yang akan berdampak pada kesinambungan pelayanan dan peningkatan iklim usaha penerbangan perintis di Provinsi Papua.

Kata kunci: Belanjawan Berbilang Tahun, Dinamik Sistem, Pengangkutan Udara Perintis, Subsidi

Abstract: Transportation is the lifeblood of the economy of a region. For those who are far away and global, air transportation is an important means of dealing with it because of its unique ability to provide fast transportation services. Transportation creates social value by enabling users to overcome frictions related to distance, geography, and cost. In general, travel costs are influenced by two components, namely: (i) the Geographical component, which describes the remoteness or centrality of a location; and (ii) The quality of the transport network, which reduces geographic friction caused by location. This research aims to examine and analyze the subsidy policy description, achievements, and deficiencies in implementing policies, and recommending changes in implementing the pioneering air transport subsidy policy in Papua Province. This paper used 12 research variables to make recommendations for changes to the implementation of air transport subsidy policies in Papua Province. These variables include accessibility, regional economic development, price disparity, connectivity, community welfare, public buying interest, tax revenues, continuity of supply, number of basic goods, prices of basic goods, regional income, and aviation subsidies. Data were processed with descriptive analysis, Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA), NVIVO analysis, and system dynamics modeling.

The results showed that: (i). Based on descriptive analysis, it is known that there has been an increase in productivity and volume of air and cargo passengers based on previous years. There are 3 (three) airports with the highest productivity in terms of the number of arrivals and departures of aircraft, namely Sentani Jayapura Airport, Wamena Airport, and Mozes Kilangin Airport. The percentage of financial realization value compared to the value of pioneer air transport subsidy contracts in the province of Papua tends to increase from 2017 to 2021. This means that the financial performance of coordinating regional airports in Papua Province in implementing pioneering air transportation subsidies tends to increase; (ii). Based on NVivo's qualitative analysis, there were more obstacles than achievements mentioned by the informants involved. The obstacles in the process of implementing the subsidy program policy in Papua Province range from aspects of budgetary constraints, shortages of pilot fleets and operators, facilities and infrastructure, and human resources, to issues of regional security. Simulation of the existing policy model for administering subsidies can show the causal relationship as it exists in the actual system. The current subsidies have significantly impacted increasing accessibility (towards pioneering areas) in Papua Province. Regional income will be better with the current subsidy policy. Based on NVivo's qualitative analysis, shows an overview of the implementation of the pioneering transport subsidy policy in Papua Province, where there is a phenomenon of excess demand for flights that affects the frequency and composition of predetermined budget subsidies; and (iii). Based on the analysis of the subsidy policy model with a dynamic system, it is known that the scenario of increasing the number of pilot air transport subsidies is not significant to changes in accessibility, supply continuity, public welfare, and reducing price disparities. On the other hand, if there is a scenario of reducing subsidies, there will be a significant reduction in changes in accessibility, continuity of supply, social welfare, and price disparities. There is agreement from all informants in using the Multiyears Budgeting policy to support the implementation of pioneer subsidies in Papua Province. This policy is considered to have an impact on service continuity and improve the pioneering airline business climate.

Achievement of policy implementation requires improvements in standardization, public consultation, monitoring of effectiveness policies, and measuring the effectiveness of policies on related stakeholders. Lack of policy implementation in the form of budget constraints, shortage of fleet and operators pioneer flights, facilities and infrastructure, human resources, and regional security. Scenario addition of subsidies is not significant to changes in accessibility, continuity of supply, public welfare, and reducing price disparities, on the other hand reducing subsidies significant for these changes. This paper suggests the government to implement the Multiyear Budget that will have an impact on service continuity and improvement of the pioneering aviation business climate in Papua Province.

Keywords: Multiyear Budget, System Dynamics, Pioneer Air Transport, Subsidies.

TRANSFER PRICING MECHANISM WITHOUT INVOLVING FOREIGN AFFILIATES

Dedi haryadi — 2023-09-07

Abstrak: Selama ini, banyak yang berpendapat bahwa tindakan transfer pricing untuk tujuan penghematan pajak hanya bisa dilakukan oleh oleh suatu grup usaha yang memiliki perusahaan afiliasi di luar negeri terutama negara surga pajak atau negera yang tarif pajak penghasilan badannya lebih rendah dari tarif pajak negara Indonesia. Anggapan tersebut tidaklah benar, perusahaan sebagai wajib pajak dapat melakukan transfer pricing untuk meminimalkan pembayaran pajak walaupun tidak melibatkan transaksi dengan perusahaan afiliasi luar negeri. Bentuk penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil kajian diperoleh dengan mempelajari peraturan perpajakan dan sejumlah riset yang terkait. Hasil kajian menyimpulkan suatu grup usaha dapat melakukan transfer pricing untuk tujuan penghematan pajak dengan cara membeli barang atau jasa dari perusahaan afiliasi sendiri dengan lebih mahal (mark up) atau lebih murah (mark down) karena lawan transaksi dikenakan PPh final UMKM 0,5%, dikenakan pph final jasa pelaksanaan konstruksi berizin yang maksimal tarif pajaknya 2,65%, jasa pelayaran 1,2%, mendapat fasilitas pasal 31E UU PPh, insentif WP masuk bursa, mendapat fasilitas tax holiday, dan masih memiliki kompensasi kerugian. Dalam riset ini semua skema transfer pricing juga akan disertai ilustrasi perhitungannya. Hasil riset menunjukkan dengan mark up dan mark down harga harga transfer negara berpotensi kehilangan pendapatan pajak sebesar 3% sampai dengan 22%.

Kata Kunci: transfer pricing dalam negeri, pengehematan pajak, profit shifting, perusahaan afiliasi

Abstract: Transfer pricing for tax purposes has been widely understood to only be carried out by business groups with foreign subsidiaries, particularly in tax haven nations or countries where the corporate income tax rate is lower than the tax rate in Indonesia. However, the facts show the opposite; where firms as taxpayers can use the transfer pricing to reduce tax payments even if no transactions with foreign subsidiaries are involved. This study was done in a descriptive-quantitative manner. Findings were obtained by reviewing tax regulations and a variety of related studies.

The review concludes that the business groups could use the transfer pricing for tax savings by purchasing goods or services from the subsidiaries at a higher (mark-up) or lower (mark-down) price, because the counterparty would be subject to a 0.5% of MSME final income tax, a maximum of 2.65% of registered construction service final income tax, a 1.2% of shipping service final income tax, the facility under Article 31E of the Income Tax Law, incentives of listed taxpayers, the facility of tax holiday, and loss compensation. In this study, all transfer pricing schemes are followed by simulations of the calculations. The results show that the state might lose 3% to 22% of its tax revenue by marking up and marking down the transfer prices.

Keywords: domestic transfer pricing, tax savings, profit shifting, affiliates.

The Effect Of Religiosity And Tacit Self-Declare Halal Cues On Skepticism And Patronage Intention Of Self-Declare Halal Restaurant: An Extended Abstract

Catur Sugiantoro — 2023-09-07

Abstract: The halal food industry exhibits significant consumer segmentation in countries that are in the process of developing the halal industry. However, not all businesses within this industry employ authentic halal logo, mainly due to the absence of halal certification. As an alternative, they make self-declared halal claims to provide halal confirmation to consumers. This research aims to contribute to the marketing communication literature by offering a deeper understanding of how religiosity and tacit self-declared halal cues influence skepticism and drive patronage intention among consumers of self-declared halal restaurants. An online questionnaire was used to collect information from 297 respondents. The findings revealed that religiosity and tacit self-declare halal cues had a negative impact on skepticism toward self-declare restaurants. Moreover, further explains the indirect relationship through mediation analyses. A mediation model was developed to shed light on the mediating role of skepticism and attitude towards halal restaurants. As a result, the study found that skepticism positively mediated the relationship between religiosity and tacit self-declared halal cues on patronage intention.

Keywords: Tacit Self-Declare Halal, Skepticism, Attitude Towards Halal, Attitude Towards Restaurant, Patronage Intention

THE INFLUENCE OF RESILIENCE AND SELF-EFFICACY ON WORK STRESS OF POLICE MEMBERS IN THE SOUTH SUMATRA REGIONAL POLICE

Halimatus Syakdiah — 2023-09-07

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh resiliensi dan efikasi diri terhadap stres kerja anggota polisi di Polda Sumsel. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah transactional theories of work-related stress, person-environment fit, and self-efficacy. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah anggota Polri yang bertugas di Direktorat Reserse Kriminal Umum dan Direktorat Reserse Narkoba Polda Sumsel sebanyak 328 orang. Jumlah sampel akan diambil dengan menggunakan metode sensus, dimana seluruh populasi yang ada akan dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian, yang menjadi responden sebanyak 328 orang. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah Data Primer. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari responden yaitu individu dengan menyebarkan kuesioner 5 skala dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji instrumen berupa uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji asumsi klasik dan analisis linier berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 25. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi bagi pengambil keputusan di institusi kepolisian dalam mengidentifikasi penyebab stres kerja pada anggota kepolisian.

Kata Kunci: Resiliensi, Efikasi Diri, Stres Kerja, Anggota Polisi

Abstract: This study aims to analyze and empirically prove the effect of resilience and self-efficacy on the work stress of police officers in the South Sumatra Regional Police. The theories used in this study are transactional theories of work-related stress, person-environment fit, and self-efficacy. The population in this study was composed of 328 members of the police who served in the Directorate of General Criminal Investigation and the Directorate of Drug Investigation of the South Sumatra Police. The number of samples will be taken using the census method, where all the existing population will be sampled in the study, in which 328 people become respondents. The type of data used is primary data. Primary data sources are obtained from respondents, namely individuals, by distributing a 5-scale questionnaire using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used is an instrument test in the form of validity and reliability tests. Furthermore, the classical assumption test and multiple linear analysis were carried out using SPSS version 25. This research is expected to provide information for decision-makers at the police institution in identifying the causes of work stress in police officers.

Keywords: Resilience, Self-Efficacy, Work Stress, Police Officer

INDONESIA-MALAYSIA BORDER IN WEST KALIMANTAN BADAU SUB-DISTRICT: DEVELOPMENT ISSUES HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND EFFORTS TO MANAGE THEM

Sandra Endang Suci Octora — 2023-09-07

Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara yang memiliki banyak kepulauan yang berbatasan dengan banyak negara. Salah satunya adalah perbatasan Badau yang berada di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, Kecamatan Badau. Letak geografis Badau yang berbatasan dengan Sarawak, Malaysia menjadikan Badau salah satu perbatasan yang memiliki banyak masalah antara lain mencakup masalah sumber daya manusia, ekonomi,sosial, keamanan serta Pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang kemudian menggunakan analisis deskriptif seperti menganalisis dari sumber dokumen pemerintah (BPS), artikel yang relevan serta sumber lain yang terkait dengan topik di penelitian ini.

Data pendukung yang ditampilkan dalam latar belakang penelitian antara lain data jumlah populasi penduduk, jumlah sekolah, guru dan siswa, serta jumlah pegawai yang bekerja di pemerintahan. Data menunjukkan adanya permasalahan seperti ketimpangan jumlah penduduk antara satu desa dengan desa lainnya di Kecamatan Badau. Segi Pendidikan masih banyak sekolah yang belum memiliki gedung permanen dan masih kurangnya tenaga guru di Kecamatan Badau. Begitu pula dari segi tenaga pegawai pemerintahan yang masih ditemukan banyak kekurangan personil.

Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai bagaimana usaha yang perlu dilakukan dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia di Kecamatan Badau sejak diresmikan menjadi sebuah perbatasan negara. Ada beberapa pendekatan yang perlu dilakukan yakni: Pendekatan Pendidikan dengan menyediakan sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung berbagai kegiatan pendidikan. Salah satunya pemerintah daerah perlu memfasilitasi gedung sekolah dan perangkatnya mulai dari Taman Kanak-Kanak hingga Sekolah Menengah Atas. Selanjutnya upaya pendekatan kesejahteraan Salah satu pengembangan yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan penyuluhan pelatihan kepada masyarakat dalam mengelola sumber daya alam yang bisa dikelola menjadi sumber pendapatan. Selain itu perlunya pendekatan sarana dan prasarana wilayah yaitu Pemerintah perlu meminimalisir pemerataan penduduk yang timpang dengan cara meningkatan infrastruktur, sarana dan prasarana yang memadai.

Permasalahan perbatasan adalah permasalahan bersama semua pihak. Oleh karena itu pentingnya kebijakan pemerintah dalam mengelola manajemen perbatasan serta Estándar Operasional Prosedur yang jelas dalam perencanaan pembangunan di kawasan perbatasan demi mewujudkan pembangunan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan merata sehingga mampu meningkatkan perkonomian dan taraf hidup masyarakat.

Kata Kunci: Sumber Daya Manusia, Perbatasan, kebijakan

Abstract: Indonesia is a country that has many islands bordering many countries. One of them is the Badau border located in West Kalimantan Province, Kapuas Hulu Regency, Badau District. The geographical location of Badau bordering Sarawak, Malaysia makes Badau one of the borders that has many problems including human resources, economy, social, security and education. This research uses a qualitative method which then uses descriptive analysis such as analyzing from government document sources (BPS), relevant articles and other sources related to the topic in this study.

Supporting data shown in the background of the research include data on the population, the number of schools, teachers and students, and the number of employees working in the government. The data shows problems such as the inequality of population between one village and another in Badau Sub-district. In terms of education, there are still many schools that do not have permanent buildings and there is still a lack of teachers in Badau Sub-district. Likewise, in terms of government employees, there are still many personnel shortages.

This research will discuss how efforts need to be made in developing human resources in Badau District since it was inaugurated as a state border. There are several approaches that need to be taken, namely: Educational approach by providing facilities and infrastructure that support various educational activities. One of them is that the local government needs to facilitate school buildings and equipment starting from kindergarten to high school. One of the developments that can be done is to provide training counseling to the community in managing natural resources that can be managed as a source of income. In addition, the need for a regional facilities and infrastructure approach is that the government needs to minimize the unequal distribution of the population by increasing adequate infrastructure, facilities and infrastructure.

Border issues are a common problem for all parties. Therefore, the importance of government policies in managing border management as well as clear Operational Standard Procedures in development planning in border areas in order to realize the development of quality and equitable human resources so as to improve the economy and living standards of the community.

Keywords: Human Resources, Border, Policy

PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT MODEL (PPP) IN THE PROVISION OF AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDONESIA

Syamrizki Hadi — 2023-09-07

Abstrak: Infrastruktur merupakan faktor penting dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penyediaan infrastruktur yang memadai dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas kegiatan ekonomi. Saat ini pemerintah Indonesia sedang fokus pada pembangunan infrastruktur dalam negeri, antara lain: jalan tol, pelabuhan laut, bandara, waduk atau bendungan, jalan nasional, rel kereta api, dan termasuk pengembangan wilayah pedalamannya; baik berupa pusat industri, kawasan industri, maupun Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK). Infrastruktur dan pengembangan kawasan industri dibangun dengan satu tujuan agar Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang tinggi di masa depan. Infrastruktur dalam arti luas dapat dibagi menjadi tiga jenis. Pertama, infrastruktur publik (infrastruktur yang tidak dipungut biaya dan dapat dinikmati oleh seluruh warga negara, misalnya: jalan umum, jembatan atau bendungan, dan fasilitas umum lainnya); kedua, infrastruktur semi swasta (infrastruktur berbayar tetapi tidak berorientasi pada keuntungan, biasanya infrastruktur ini dikelola oleh pemerintah, misalnya: Perusahaan Listrik Negara); dan ketiga, infrastruktur swasta (infrastruktur berorientasi profit, misalnya: jalan tol, pelabuhan laut, bandara, maupun Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK)). Infrastruktur jenis pertama biasanya dibangun oleh pemerintah, namun untuk infrastruktur kedua dan ketiga biasanya dilakukan oleh Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN), atau Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD), atau swasta atau kerjasama. Masalah terbesar dalam penyediaan dan pembangunan berbagai jenis infrastruktur nasional adalah masalah pembiayaan. Keterbatasan ruang fiskal Pemerintah dalam penyediaan infrastruktur bandara masih terjadi karena belum adanya skema Kerjasama Pemerintah dan Badan Usaha (KPBU) dalam penyediaan infrastruktur bandara di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (i) menganalisis faktor kunci keberhasilan implementasi KPBU bandara di Indonesia; (ii) menganalisis mekanisme dan model kelembagaan KPBU dalam hal struktur dan hubungan antar pemangku kepentingan dalam penyediaan infrastruktur bandar udara di Indonesia; dan (iii) merancang model pengembangan KPBU dalam penyediaan infrastruktur bandar udara di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui lembaga seperti Badan Pusat Statistik dan portal data Kementerian Perhubungan. Sementara itu, data primer diperoleh melalui pemaparan dari informan/instansi terkait. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan dianalisis dengan pendekatan literature review secara sistematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (i) Terdapat beberapa faktor kunci keberhasilan dalam implementasi KPBU, khususnya dalam penyediaan infrastruktur bandara di Indonesia. Secara dominan, faktor kunci keberhasilan menyasar aspek regulasi/regulasi skema KPBU. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan Stabilitas Regulasi, Regulasi Adaptif, dan Simplifikasi Simpul Birokrasi + GCG. Ketiga faktor tersebut disinggung secara dominan oleh seluruh informan dibandingkan dengan faktor lainnya. Fleksibilitas regulasi menjadi faktor kunci dalam implementasi skema KPBU, khususnya dalam penyediaan infrastruktur bandara. Selain itu, penyediaan infrastruktur bandara terkait dengan peningkatan tingkat daya saing nasional seperti yang terlihat pada hasil kajian literatur secara sistematis; (ii). Mengenai mekanisme dan model kelembagaan KPBU, terdapat simpul yang paling dominan disebutkan oleh seluruh informan yaitu Risk Transfer. Namun berdasarkan hasil kajian sistematis yang dilakukan, tidak ditemukan simpul terkait penjaminan dalam pembangunan infrastruktur bandara. Selain itu, tidak hanya melalui skema KPBU, dalam kajian sistematik ditemukan bahwa skema Growth Option dan Compound Real Option merupakan skema alternatif dalam pembiayaan infrastruktur khususnya bandara; dan (iii). Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, baik kajian koding maupun sistematika, maka model pengembangan KPBU di Indonesia, khususnya pada proyek infrastruktur bandar udara, hendaknya menitikberatkan pada aspek regulasi/aturan/birokrasi. Hal ini karena berdampak pada iklim investasi yang tercipta, khususnya pada proyek-proyek pemerintah. Selain itu, penerapan tata kelola yang baik tetap harus dilakukan dalam proses implementasi yang sedang berlangsung. Kajian ini merekomendasikan agar pemerintah memiliki komitmen yang kuat untuk melaksanakan KPBU dan memiliki kebijakan dan peraturan yang jelas untuk mendukungnya dan memberikan dukungan finansial dan teknis yang memadai untuk proyek-proyek yang direncanakan.

Kata kunci: KPBU, Infrastruktur Lapangan Terbang, Dasar Pembangunan, SLR

Abstract: Infrastructure is an important factor in supporting economic growth. The provision of adequate infrastructure can affect the increase in the quality and quantity of economic activity. Currently, the Indonesian government is focusing on developing domestic infrastructure, including: toll roads, seaports, airports, reservoirs or dams, national roads, railroads, and including the development of its hinterland areas; either in the form of industrial centers, industrial estates, or Special Economic Zones (KEK). The infrastructure and development of industrial estates were built with one goal so that Indonesia will have high competitiveness in the future. Infrastructure in a broad sense can be divided into three types. First, public infrastructure (the infrastructure that is free of charge and can be enjoyed by all citizens, for example: public roads, bridges or dams, and other public facilities); second, semi-private infrastructure (paid infrastructure but not profit-oriented, usually this infrastructure is managed by the government, for example: the State Electricity Company); and third, private infrastructure (profit-oriented infrastructure, for example: toll roads, seaports, airports, Special Economic Zones (KEK)). The first type of infrastructure is usually built by the government, but for the second and third infrastructure, it is usually done by State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), or Regional-Owned Enterprises (BUMD), or the private sector or cooperation. The biggest problem in terms of providing and building various types of national infrastructure is the issue of financing. The Government's fiscal space limitations in providing airport infrastructure still occur because there is no Public Private Partnership (PPP) scheme in providing airport infrastructure in Indonesia. The aims of this research are: (i) to analyze the key success factors of airport PPP implementation in Indonesia; (ii) to analyze the PPP institutional mechanism and model in terms of structure and relationships between stakeholders in the provision of airport infrastructure in Indonesia; and (iii) to design a PPP development model in the provision of airport infrastructure in Indonesia. This study uses primary and secondary data. Secondary datas were obtained through credible institutions, such as the Central Bureau of Statistics and the data portal of the Ministry of Transportation. Meanwhile, the primary data were obtained through exposure from relevant informants/agencies through in-depth interviews. This study used a qualitative approach with Focus Group Discussions (FGD) involving stakeholders and analyzed using a systematic literature review approach. The results show: (i) There are several key success factors in implementing PPP, especially in the provision of airport infrastructure in Indonesia. Dominantly, the key success factors are targeting the regulatory/regulatory aspects of the PPP scheme. This is shown by the Regulatory Stability, Adaptive Regulation, and Simplification of Bureaucracy + GCG nodes. These three factors were alluded to dominantly by all informants compared to other factors. Regulatory flexibility was founded as a key factor in the implementation of the Public Private Partnership (PPP) scheme, particularly in the provision of airport infrastructure. In addition, the provision of airport infrastructure is related to increasing the level of national competitiveness as shown in the results of a systematic review of the literature; (ii). Regarding the PPP institutional mechanism and model, there is the most dominant node mentioned by all informants, namely Risk Transfer. However, based on the results of a systematic study conducted, no nodes appear related to guarantees in airport infrastructure development. Besides that, not only through the PPP scheme, it was found in a systematic study that the Growth Option and Compound Real Option schemes are alternative schemes in infrastructure financing, especially for airports; and (iii). Based on the results of the analysis carried out, both coding and systematic studies, the PPP development model in Indonesia, particularly in airport infrastructure projects, should focus on regulatory/rule/bureaucratic aspects. This is because it has an impact on the investment climate that is created, especially in government projects. In addition, the implementation of good governance must still be carried out in the ongoing implementation process. This paper recommends that the government strongly commit to implementing the PPP and have clear policies and regulations to support PPP and provide adequate financial and technical support for planned projects.

Keywords: PPP, Airport Infrastructure, Development Policy, SLR

THE CHALLENGES OF THE VUCA ECONOMY BASED ON THE EVOLUTION OF STUDY

Anindya Mitra Raisnur Putri — 2023-09-07

Abstrak: Perhatian para peneliti terhadap VUCA (volatilitas, ketidakpastian, kompleksitas, dan ambiguitas) ekonomi telah meningkat dan menyebar luas terutama setelah pandemi COVID-19. Kajian ini menggunakan analisis bibliometrik untuk membantu lebih memahami dan mengetahui arah penelitian ke depan. Pemahaman ini diharapkan mampu memfasilitasi implementasi strategis dalam membangun stabilitas ekonomi. Studi ini melibatkan 2.819 publikasi yang dikumpulkan dari database Web of Science (WoS) antara tahun 1972-2023. Hasil kajian mendapati tiga kluster penting yang fokus pada (1) ekonomi makro sebagai konsekuensi dari fluktuasi ekonomi, (2) ekonomi strategis dalam menghadapi tantangan ekonomi dan (3) dampak kompleksitas ekonomi terhadap lingkungan. Kesimpulan dari ketiga kluster adalah evolusi penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan kepedulian yang tinggi terhadap masalah lingkungan untuk keberlanjutan dan kompleksitas ekonomi. Inti eksplorasi dari studi ini dapat digunakan untuk membantu mengidentifikasi kebijakan dan kolaborasi internasional yang diperlukan untuk mengatasi VUCA ekonomi kedepannya.

Kata Kunci: volatilitas, ketidakpastian, kompleksitas, ambiguitas, bibliometrik

Abstract: Attention of researcher to the VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity) economy studies has increased and become widespread especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses bibliometric analysis to better understand and determine future research directions. The understanding is expected to facilitate strategic implementation in building economic stability. The study involved 2,819 publications collected from the Web of Science (WoS) database between 1972-2023. The results of the study found three important clusters that focus on (1) macroeconomics as a consequence of economic fluctuations, (2) strategic economics in dealing with economic challenges and (3) the impact of economic complexity on the environment. The conclusion from the three clusters is the evolution of previous research showing high concern for environmental issues for sustainability and economic complexity. The exploratory core of this study can be used to help identify the policies and international collaboration needed to address economic VUCA in the future.

Keywords: volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity, bibliometric

THIWUL, TRADITIONAL FOOD AS CULINARY TOURISM IN GUNUNG KIDUL, YOGYAKARTA

Laili Savitri Noor — 2023-09-07

Abstract: Thiwul is a special food from Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Currently, thiwul is known as a staple food to replace rice and has made many innovations into interesting and delicious snacks. Thiwul is now known and made a special souvenir when tourists are on vacation in the Gunung Kidul area, Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine the effect of brand equity on purchasing decisions of Thiwul, traditional food typical of Gunung Kidul at the Thiwul Kukus souvenir shop, Yogyakarta. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive analysis research method with a survey approach. The data analysis technique used is regression analysis. In this study, based on purposive sampling, the sample size was 100 respondents. Data collection method through a questionnaire. Based on the results of the research and data processing, it shows that brand awareness has no positive or significant effect on the buyer's decision, perceived quality has no positive or significant effect on the buyer's decision, while brand association has a positive and significant effect on the decision to buy thiwul at the Thiwul Kukus Gunung Kidul souvenir shop , Yogyakarta.

Keywords : Brand equity, Brand awareness, Perceived quality, Brand Association, and Buyer's Decision.

Abstrak: Thiwul adalah makanan khas Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Saat ini, thiwul dikenal sebagai makanan pokok pengganti nasi telah banyak melakukan inovasi menjadi jajanan yang menarik dan enak. Thiwul kini dikenal dan dijadikan oleh-oleh khas saat wisatawan berlibur di kawasan Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekuitas merek terhadap keputusan pembelian Thiwul makanan tradisional khas Gunung Kidul di toko oleh-oleh Thiwul Kukus, Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survey. Teknis analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi. Dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan penentuan purposive sampling ditentukan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Metode pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran merek tidak berpengaruh positif atau signifikan terhadap keputusan pembeli, persepsi kualitas tidak berpengaruh positif atau signifikan terhadap keputusan pembeli, sedangkan asosiasi merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian thiwul di toko oleh-oleh Thiwul Kukus Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta.

Katakunci : Ekuitas merek, Kesadaran merek, Persepsi kualitas, Asosiasi merek, dan Keputusan Pembeli.

IMPACT OF SERVICE INNOVATION ON BEAUTY SERVICE PERFORMANCE: PERSPECTIVE OF RESOURCE ADVANTAGE THEORY OF COMPETITION

Uswatun Khasanah — 2023-09-07

Abstrak: Inovasi dalam layanan kecantikan merupakan aspek penting yang sangat rentan terhadap perubahan selera konsumen. Perusahaan jasa kecantikan dituntut untuk terus beradaptasi dan berinovasi agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan ekspektasi konsumen. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mencari solusi inovatif dari pusat penelitian-penelitian terdahulu yang berkaitan dengan inovasi dalam kinerja layanan jasa kecantikan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pandangan Resource Advantage Theory of Competition sebagai dasar untuk membangun konsep inovasi dalam jasa layanan kecantikan melalui peningkatan kapabilitas pemasaran dinamis. Sampel penelitian ini melibatkan 127 karyawan yang bekerja di industri jasa kecantikan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan survei melalui Google Formulir dengan menggunakan skala likert 1 sampai dengan 5. Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat variabel yang meliputi variabel bebas yaitu inovasi dan kapabilitas pemasran dinamis, mediasi keunggulan bersaing dan varaibel terikat yaitu kinerja. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian diolah menggunakan metode analisis SmartPLS 3. Studi ini membahas beberapa kesenjangan. Pertama, kami mengembangkan posisi teoretis baru dan menyarankan hubungan antara inovasi layanan dan kinerja yang mempertimbangkan keunggulan kompeittif yang belum dibahas dengan baik dalam penelitian sebelumnya. Kedua, berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang hanya mempertimbangkan hubungan langsung antar variabel, penelitian ini mempertimbangkan untuk memperluas model dengan mempelajari determinan dari masing-masing kapabilitas atau menjelajahi kemampuan lain. Ketiga, pasar negara berkembang bersifat dinamisdan sifat evolusioner dari pasar ini harus dipertimbangkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari solusi dari pusat penelitian sebelumnya mengenai inovasi dan kapabilitas pemasaran dinamis pada kinerja layanan kecantikan dengan keunggulan kompetitif sebagai variabel media. Hasil penelitian mengkonfirmasi temuan dari penelitian sebelumnya yang menyatakan bahwa keunggulan bersaing mampu memediasi hubungan antara inovasi dengan kinerja layanan kecantikan. Dalam penelitian ini, kemampuan pemasaran dinamis menjadi faktor utama yang menonjolkan pentingnya komunikasi dan teknologi informasi terhadap menciptakan keunggulan bersaing dalam jasa layanan kecantikan. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara inovasi dan kemampuan pemasaran dinamis terhadap keunggulan bersaing dalam jasa layanan kecantikan. Dengan mengintegrasikan inovasi dan kemampuan pemasaran dinamis, perusahaan jasa kecantikan dapat menciptakan layanan-layanan baru yang relevan dengan kebutuhan konsumen dan dapat secara efektif mempromosikan produk-produk dan layanan-layanan tersebut. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting pada perkembangan inovasi dalam layanan-layanan kecantikan, yang menjadi sumber daya pengungkit kinerja perusahaan. Dengan memahami pentingnya inovasi dan kemampuan pemasaran dinamis, perusahaan jasa kecantikan dapat mengembangkan strategi yang efektif untuk memenangkan persaingan di pasar yang terus berubah dan kompetitif. Sebagai rekomendasi, manajer perusahaan jasa kecantikan diharapkan untuk lebih berfokus pada upaya inovatif dan penggunaan teknologi informasi dalam memperkuat kemampuan pemasaran dinamis mereka. Dengan demikian, mereka dapat lebih responsif terhadap perubahan selera konsumen dan dapat meningkatkan keunggulan bersaing yang menjadi kunci keberhasilan dalam industri jasa kecantikan. anggapan dari beberapa responden juga mengindikasikan bahwa inovasi dalam layanan harus sesuai dengan kebutuhan pelanggan, dan penggunaan teknologi baru dapat mendukung perkembangan pemasaran yang dinamis. Sebagai saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya, diharapkan agar peneliti dapat mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek tambahan yang tidak diungkapkan dalam penelitian ini, karena hal tersebut dapat menjadi faktor penjelas yang berpotensi mempengaruhi kinerja perusahaan. Selain itu, dianjurkan untuk melakukan penelitian yang lebih luas dan melibatkan lebih banyak responden dengan atribut yang berbeda untuk meningkatkan generalisasi dan keragaman hasil penelitian. Penelitian yang lebih mendalam tentang inovasi, kemampuan pemasaran dinamis, dan keunggulan kompetitif sebagai variabel mediasi juga dapat memberikan wawasan yang lebih komprehensif mengenai interaksi antara variabel-variabel tersebut dalam konteks industri jasa kecantikan. Dengan melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dan mendalam, diharapkan perusahaan jasa kecantikan dapat mengembangkan strategi inovatif yang lebih efektif dan berfokus pada penerapan teknologi informasi yang dinamis untuk mencapai keunggulan kompetitif, yang pada gilirannya akan meningkatkan kinerja dan keberhasilan mereka di pasar yang kompetitif.

Kata kunci: inovasi, layanan kecantikan, keunggulan bersaing, kinerja

Abstract: Innovation in beauty services is an important aspect that is very vulnerable to changes in consumer tastes. Beauty service companies are required to continuously adapt and innovate in order to meet consumer needs and expectations. Therefore, this research intends to find innovative solutions from the center of previous studies related to innovation in beauty service performance. This research focuses on the view of the Resource Advantage Theory of Competition as a basis for building the concept of innovation in beauty services through improving dynamic marketing capabilities. The sample of this study involved 127 employees working in the beauty service industry. Data collection was carried out by distributing surveys via Google Forms using a Likert scale of 1 to 5. This study consists of four variables which include independent variables, namely innovation and dynamic marketing capabilities, mediating competitive advantage and dependent variables, namely performance. The data collected was then processed using the SmartPLS 3 analysis method. This study addresses several gaps. First, we develop a new theoretical position and suggest a relationship between service innovation and performance that considers competitive advantage that has not been well addressed in previous research. Second, in contrast to previous studies that only consider direct relationships between variables, this study considers extending the model by studying the determinants of each capability or exploring other capabilities. Third, emerging markets are dynamic and the evolutionary nature of these markets must be considered. The purpose of this study is to seek solutions from the center of previous research on innovation and dynamic marketing capabilities on beauty service performance with competitive advantage as a medium variable. The results of the study confirm the findings of previous studies which state that competitive advantage is able to mediate the relationship between innovation and beauty service performance. In this study, dynamic marketing capabilities are the main factor that highlights the importance of communication and information technology towards creating a competitive advantage in beauty services. The findings of this study indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between innovation and dynamic marketing capabilities on competitive advantage in beauty services. By integrating innovation and dynamic marketing capabilities, beauty service companies can create new services that are relevant to consumers' needs and can effectively promote these products and services. This research makes an important contribution to the development of innovation in beauty services, which is a leveraging resource for firm performance. By understanding the importance of innovation and dynamic marketing capabilities, beauty service companies can develop effective strategies to win the competition in a changing and competitive market. As a recommendation, managers of beauty service companies are expected to focus more on innovative efforts and the use of information technology in strengthening their dynamic marketing capabilities. Thus, they can be more responsive to changes in consumer tastes and can increase the competitive advantage that is the key to success in the beauty services industry. The assumptions of some respondents also indicated that innovation in services must match customer needs, and the use of new technology can support the development of dynamic marketing. As a suggestion for future research, it is hoped that researchers can consider additional aspects that are not disclosed in this study, because they can be explanatory factors that have the potential to affect company performance. In addition, it is recommended to conduct broader research and involve more respondents with different attributes to increase the generalizability and diversity of research results. More in-depth research on innovation, dynamic marketing capabilities, and competitive advantage as mediating variables can also provide more comprehensive insights into the interactions between these variables in the context of the beauty services industry. By conducting further and in-depth research, it is expected that beauty service companies can develop more effective innovative strategies and focus on the dynamic application of information technology to achieve competitive advantage, which in turn will improve their performance and success in a competitive market.

Keywords: innovation, beauty services, competitive advantage, performance

DETERMINANT OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS MANUFACTURING COMPANIES EVODENCE FROM INDONESIA

Naz'aina — 2023-09-19

Abstract: Firm faced the financial distress when firms have situation are unable to meet their financial obligation as at when due. If management cannot manage its finances properly, the company will experience financial distress that toward going to bankruptcy. This study aims to analyze sales growth, operating capacity, and intellectual capital as determinants of financial distress among the Manufacturing firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange using Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) to measure financial distress. This study used annual data of 129 firms for the period 2019-2012, so that it has the balance panel data with the total of 387 observations. The results show that sales growth has a positive and significant effect on financial distress. This indicates that increase growth of sales would lead to increase financial distress. However, the results of operating capacity and intellectual capital have a negative effect on financial distress. The negative coefficient implies that higher operating capacity and intellectual capacity lead to decreases firm financial distress.

Keywords: Sales Growth, Operating Capacity, Intellectual Capital, and Financial Distress

THE OVER-INVESTMENT OF FREE CASH FLOW, CASH HOLDING, OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE: AN IMPACT OF COVID 19

Ummi Kalsum — 2023-09-29

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of Free Cash Flow (FCF), Cash holding and Ownership Structure on Overinvestment before and during Covid 19 . This study used panel data consisting of 147 listing service companies for the period 2016-2020. The panel data estimation model used is the Fixed Effect Model. The results of the study for the whole model show that FCF and Cash Holding have a negative and significant effect on overinvestment. Meanwhile, government ownership seems to have positive and significant effect on overinvestment, but then foreign ownership also has positive but insignificant. Furthermore, the results by taking into account the time period before and during Covid 19 showed that Free Cash Flow has positive and significant impact before Covid 19 and had a positive and insignificant effect during the Covid 19 period. Cash holding has negative and significant effect before Covid 19 but insignificant effect during Covid 19. Government ownership has positive and significant effect during Covid 19 but insignificant before Covid-19 The same results were also found for foreign ownership seems to have a positive and significant effect before Covid 19 and negative insignificant effect during Covid 19. In sum, it appears that government ownership is more dominant in influencing overinvestment in Indonesia.

Keywords: Free Cash Flow, Cash Holding, Ownership Structure, Over-investment

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak free cash flow(FCF), cash holding dan ownership structure terhadap Overinvestment sebelum dan semasa Covid 19 . Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel yang terdiri dari 147 perusahaan jasa yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia untuk periode waktu 2017-2021. Model estimasi data panel menggunakan Fixed Effect Model. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa free cash flow dan cash holding berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap overinvestment. Sementara government ownership berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap overinvestment, sama halnya dengan foreign ownership juga positif namun tidak signifikan. Selanjutnya, hasil penelitian dengan mempertimbangkan periode waktu sebelum dan semasa Covid 19 menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda dimana Free Cash Flow memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan sebelum Covid 19 dan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan pada periode semasa Covid 19 . Cash Holding berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan sebelum Covid 19 dan berpengaruh negatif namun tidak signifikan semasa Covid 19. Kepemilikan pemerintah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan semasa Covid 19 dan tidak signifikan sebelum Covid 19 . Hasil yang sama juga didapati Foreign ownership berpengaruh positif dan signifikan sebelum Covid 19 dan berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan semasa Covid 19 . Secara lebih detail, terlihat bahwa kepemilikan pemerintah lebih dominan dalam mempengaruhi overinvestment di Indonesia.

Kata Kunci: Aliran Kas Bebas, Cash Holding, Struktur kepemilikan, Over-investment

THE IMPACT OF QUICK RATIO, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, FIRM SIZE, AND COVID-19 TOWARD RETURN ON EQUITY: A CASE STUDY OF TOURISM, RESTAURANT, AND HOTEL COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (IDX)

Lufiyandi Supriatman — 2023-10-02

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the Impact of Quick Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Firm Size, and COVID-19 Toward Return on Equity: A Case Study of Tourism, Restaurant, and Hotel Company Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Based of sampling technique uses purposive sampling so that the sample can be used as much as 27 companies. The type of data used is quantitative data and the data source is the annual reports published on the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analytical tools used are descriptive statistics and panel data regression. The results obtained show that (1) Quick Ratio has a positive and no significant impact on Return on Equity. (2) Debt to Equity Ratio has a negative and significant impact on Return on Equity. (3) Firm size has a positive and no significant impact on Return on Equity. (4) COVID-19 has a negative and significant impact on Return on Equity.

Keywords: Return on Equity, Quick Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Firm Size, COVID-19